What type of vehicles typically use air brake systems?

Air brake systems are primarily used in heavy vehicles such as trucks and buses due to their size and weight. These vehicles are designed to carry significantly heavier loads than smaller vehicles, which provides a need for a braking system that can handle the increased stopping power required. Air brakes operate using compressed air to push brake pads against a brake drum or disc, offering greater efficiency and effectiveness for larger vehicles in terms of braking performance. This system is particularly beneficial in preventing brake fade, which can occur in traditional hydraulic braking systems when they are subjected to prolonged use, especially on downhill grades. The robust nature and reliability of air brakes make them necessary for ensuring the safety and control of heavy-duty vehicles on the road.

Smaller vehicles, such as passenger cars, motorcycles, and electric scooters, typically do not require such an extensive braking system due to their lighter weight and lower demands for braking power, which can usually be accommodated by standard hydraulic brakes or disc brakes.